Research Publications
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Item Cosmology and quantum electrodynamics(Nature Publishing Group, 1969-06-14) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.Item Recent developments in cosmology(Plenum Press, 1968-03-15) Narlikar, J. V.Item Cosmology and electrodynamics(Nature Publishing Group, 1968-11-30) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.Item Cosmology and quantum electrodynamics(Nature Publishing Group, 1968-07-27) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.Item Time-symmetrical electrodynamics and cosmology(Cornell University, 1967-04-15) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.Item Radical departure from the ‘steady state’ concept in cosmology(Royal Society, 1966-02-22) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.The results in this paper are based on an entirely different choice of the undetermined coupling contant f which appears in the theory of creation of matter. Previously f waschosen to make the steady-state expansion rate coincident with the observed expansion rate. Now that we take a much larger value for f, the corresponding steady-state expansion rate is much greater than the observed value. We interpret this difference as showing that we live in a wide, possibly temporary, fluctuation from the steady-state situation. The expansion rate in such a fluctuation follows the Einstein-de Sitter relations. The natural scale set by the new steady-state corresponds to the masses of clusters of galaxies, we obtain 1013M? instead of 1023M? for the 'observable universe'. It is suggested that elliptical galaxies were formed early in the development of a fluctuation. Our discussion of high energy phenomena leads to immediate explanations of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays, of the presence of e+ in cosmic rays and of the rate of energy production associated with radio sources.Item On the effects of the non-conservation of baryons in cosmology(Royal Society, 1966-02-22) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.The idea underlying this paper is that the massive objects, now known to be associated with radio sources and with quasi-stellar objects, are of cosmological significance; and that the energy output of these objects is associated with the problem of creation in cosmology. We have used the same equations describing creation of matter, as before; but have taken account of the fact that they contain far wider cosmological implications than have been explored hitherto. The present paper only deals with the more conventional aspects of the steady-state theory. Full exploration of the creation process leads to a radical departure from the old steady-state concept. For convenience of presentation, these less conventional ideas are described in a separate paper.Item C-field as a direct particle field(Royal Society, 1964-11-03) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.It has been known for some years that a C-field, generated by a certain source equation, leads to interesting changes in the cosmological solutions of Einstein's equations. The steady- state cosmology appears as an asymptotic case. The source equation has so far only been given in the macroscopic case of a smooth fluid. In the present paper we derive the source equation in terms of discrete particles. The method adopted is similar to that we have recently given for the generalization to Riemannian space of the Fokker action principle in the electro- magnetic theory. In the latter, a 4-vector is defined in terms of the world lines of particles. The definition is such that the four-dimensional curl of the vector satisfies Maxwell's equations, which are therefore identities. Similarly, C is a scalar defined in terms of the world-lines of particles, and the source equation used formerly then follows as an identity.Item On the avoidance of singularities in C-field cosmology(Royal Society, 1964-04-21) Hoyle, F.; Narlikar, J. V.It is well known that a spherically symmetric imploding cold body collapses into a space- time singularity in general relativity. The singularity does not arise, however, in the modifica- tion of the theory proposed in C-field cosmology. Although the C-field has been used to represent creation of matter, the prevention of singularities does not depend on the creation property of the field, but on its negative energy density. It does not seem that singularities can be prevented except by a negative energy field. Internal pressures of the ordinary kind fail to provide support against gravitation provided the mass of the body is sufficiently large.Item Neutrinos and the arrow of time in cosmology(Royal Society, 1962-06-05) Narlikar, J. V.Hogarth's approach to the time-symmetric electrodynamics of Wheeler & Feynman is extended to apply to the neutrinos. It is shown that in some cosmological models neutrinos travelling both into the past and the future exist whereas in others only those going into the the future can exist. The Einstein-de Sitter and the steady-state models are the respective examples of the two cases. An interesting way of testing the various cosmologies by means of neutrino emitters and receivers is suggested.